The integral attribute of the modern world development is the environmental imperative is compulsory and the urgency of action to save the environment. A sharp increase in his role with the deteriorating condition of the binds of the biosphere, and a marked decline in the late 20th century, ideological, political and military confrontation between the West and the East. A drastic reduction in global military threat the long-suffering laid bare before mankind is the main problem of survival in the face of the growing environmental crisis.
In 60-70 years, it became apparent that the terms of issue of modern ecology extraordinarily increased that he no longer fit into the framework of the traditional biological science-ecology, which was first mentioned as early as 1868, the German biologist e. Haeckel in his book natural history of origin. " Does not fit because of ecological tension begins even in the sphere of technology. Therefore, technology, and engineering sciences are directly related to environmental issues. But socio-economic origin is even more wide position, allowing you to scale and comprehensively define the true range of interests and problems of modern ecology.
How to refer to this environment? Human Ecology? The ecology of society? Ecology of humanity? None of these terms is not a universally recognized symbol of General ("big") environment. Priority name has become nothing but a social ecology. The term entered into scientific circulation Soviet philosophers, got quite widespread both in the SOVIET UNION, Russia and the West. It refers to an interdisciplinary set of environmental management, principles of organization of human activity with the objective of environmental laws.
The concept of social ecology is closely linked with the core teachings of Vernadsky, etc. de Chardin's Noosphere is the reason — the highest stage of development of the biosphere of the emergence and formation of the civilized mankind. The inseparability of the biosphere, indicates the main purpose, Vernadskiy in building the noosphere. The challenge is to maintain the type of the biosphere, in which a man appeared and can exist as a species.
So, the question of the term "social ecology" more or less clear. However, on its content and structure continue to argue. It is clear that the social ecology should incorporate the relevant parts of the natural, social and engineering sciences. On this principle and built scheme a. Bachynsky-ecologist from Lviv (57).
The geography of the environment are traditional and diverse. In 20-30 years of American Geographers called the geography of human ecology in the 1930 's, the famous nemeckijgeograf k. Troll coined the term "environmental geology" and already in the 60-70s it was widely circulated in the West. Finally, in the 1970s the Academician b. Socava wrote about "human ecology as a key concept in geography." the term "environmental geology" can be explained as follows: geographers are dealing with the structure and interaction of two major systems: environmental (composed of human beings and the environment) and spatial (linking one area to another through a complex of streams). The synthesis of these two approaches is the essence of geoecology. any global problem cannot be solved without the latter's prior "regionalization", without detailed consideration of country and regional situations, finding specific ways to address it in this place and in the circumstances (natural, economic, social). Not accidentally the first global model (d. Meadows et al) criticised for "all-out" globality, for lack of "regionalization". However, for maximum generality, identifying the most pressing environmental issues of General and another approach is global. The inextricable link of such approaches highlights the well-known slogan, widely used in the modern world, "think globally, act locally".