As noted above, a form of classification is the classification of the nature of the pollution sources of pollution.
Chemical pollution of the natural environment is changing her estestvennohimiceskih, as well as the penetration of substances in the natural environment (in some areas) of chemicals were not present previously. Of the many chemicals known today "to harm" explored quite a few. Their possible toxicity (food), carcinogenicity (ability to cause cancer), mutagenic (ability to influence heredity) and birth defects (ability to induce the birth of freaks) remained scarcely explored.
One of the well known manifestations of chemical pollution due to acid rain. Precipitation from dissolved sulphur dioxide (SO2) are from highly industrializiro
bathing areas: Ruhr, Midland, Pennsylvania, the Donbass region, the Urals and the chemical pollutants include detergents, gazypropellenty, herbicides and pesticides (many of the latter affect human body indirectly through consumption of animal and plant foods).
Physical pollution of environment due to a change in its physical parameters. Usually give off thermal (thermal) contamination associated with the warming of the environment in connection with industrial emissions of gases, heated water, heated air (can occur as a secondary effect of changing the chemical composition of the environment is the "greenhouse effect"); noise pollution, i.e. exceeding the natural noise of transport, industrial machinery, appliances, etc. (when reaching level 90-100 Db at the person gradually decreased hearing); light pollution, associated with the violation of the natural light that often leads to abnormalities in human life, animals and plants; electromagnetic pollution, i.e. the emergence of artificial magnetic field and so on.
Besides the well-known biological and mechanical pollution, emit less studied radioactive contamination. It differs significantly from other contaminants. Radioactive nuclides are characterized by a disintegration of the charged nucleus, and, r, u_castic. These particles getting into the human body, destroying its cells causing somatic issues (including radiation sickness) and genetic change (damage to cells involved in the process of reproduction).
No external influences — neither chemical nor temperature or pressure can not change the main half-life is lying in a very wide range, from fractions of a second to billions of years.
To quantify the effects of radiation on human use units: the biological equivalent of Roentgen-rem or SV (100 REM). As a result of the internal and external exposure man for over a year, on average, gets a dose of 0.1 REM, hence my entire life around 7 rem. However, there are areas where the annual dose higher than the average. For example, people living in the Highlands, receive a dose several times greater due to cosmic radiation (we will ignore everything from radiation accidents).
As a result of intensive investigation of radiation dose received by a person, has increased markedly in recent decades. There are several reasons for this: firstly, the consequences of the nuclear tests, particularly in the atmosphere; Secondly, a contribution made by nuclear power plants and, in particular, production of radioactive fuel for them; vtret?ih, man became widely used some building materials, radioactivity which sometimes is very high (gravel, granite, clay, etc.); vcetvertyh, radiation pressure is increasing due to the widely used rentgendiagnosticeskih devices.
Types of pollution